JavaScript Assignment Operators

Assignment operators assign values to variables. JavaScript provides several types of assignment operators to perform different operations. Below are the most commonly used assignment operators along with examples.

1. Basic Assignment

The basic assignment operator (=) assigns a value to a variable.

let a = 10;
let b = 5;

console.log(a); // Output: 10
console.log(b); // Output: 5

2. Addition Assignment

The addition assignment operator (+=) adds a value to a variable and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 10;
a += 5; // Equivalent to a = a + 5

console.log(a); // Output: 15

3. Subtraction Assignment

The subtraction assignment operator (-=) subtracts a value from a variable and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 10;
a -= 5; // Equivalent to a = a - 5

console.log(a); // Output: 5

4. Multiplication Assignment

The multiplication assignment operator (*=) multiplies a variable by a value and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 10;
a *= 5; // Equivalent to a = a * 5

console.log(a); // Output: 50

5. Division Assignment

The division assignment operator (/=) divides a variable by a value and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 10;
a /= 2; // Equivalent to a = a / 2

console.log(a); // Output: 5

6. Modulus Assignment

The modulus assignment operator (%=) divides a variable by a value and assigns the remainder to that variable.

let a = 10;
a %= 3; // Equivalent to a = a % 3

console.log(a); // Output: 1

7. Exponentiation Assignment

The exponentiation assignment operator (**=) raises a variable to the power of a value and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 2;
a **= 3; // Equivalent to a = a ** 3

console.log(a); // Output: 8

8. Bitwise AND Assignment

The bitwise AND assignment operator (&=) performs a bitwise AND operation on a variable and a value and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 5; // 0101 in binary
a &= 3; // Equivalent to a = a & 3 (0011 in binary)

console.log(a); // Output: 1 (0001 in binary)

9. Bitwise OR Assignment

The bitwise OR assignment operator (|=) performs a bitwise OR operation on a variable and a value and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 5; // 0101 in binary
a |= 3; // Equivalent to a = a | 3 (0011 in binary)

console.log(a); // Output: 7 (0111 in binary)

10. Bitwise XOR Assignment

The bitwise XOR assignment operator (^=) performs a bitwise XOR operation on a variable and a value and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 5; // 0101 in binary
a ^= 3; // Equivalent to a = a ^ 3 (0011 in binary)

console.log(a); // Output: 6 (0110 in binary)

11. Bitwise Left Shift Assignment

The bitwise left shift assignment operator (<<=) performs a bitwise left shift on a variable and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 5; // 0101 in binary
a <<= 1; // Equivalent to a = a << 1 (left shift by 1)

console.log(a); // Output: 10 (1010 in binary)

12. Bitwise Right Shift Assignment

The bitwise right shift assignment operator (>>=) performs a bitwise right shift on a variable and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = 5; // 0101 in binary
a >>= 1; // Equivalent to a = a >> 1 (right shift by 1)

console.log(a); // Output: 2 (0010 in binary)

13. Unsigned Right Shift Assignment

The unsigned right shift assignment operator (>>>=) performs an unsigned right shift on a variable and assigns the result to that variable.

let a = -5; // 11111111111111111111111111111011 in binary
a >>>= 1; // Equivalent to a = a >>> 1 (unsigned right shift by 1)

console.log(a); // Output: 2147483645 (01111111111111111111111111111101 in binary)

By understanding and using these assignment operators, you can efficiently perform various operations and assignments in your JavaScript code.