Python Modules

A module is a file containing Python definitions and statements. The file name is the module name with the suffix .py. Modules allow you to organize your Python code logically and promote code reusability.

1. Creating a Module

To create a module, you simply create a Python file with the desired module name and define functions, classes, or variables in it.

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

2. Importing a Module

To use the definitions from a module in another Python script, you need to import the module using the import statement.

import mymodule

print(mymodule.greet("Alice"))  # Output: Hello, Alice!

3. Importing Specific Items

You can import specific items (functions, classes, or variables) from a module using the from ... import ... syntax.

from mymodule import greet

print(greet("Bob"))  # Output: Hello, Bob!

4. Renaming a Module

You can rename a module when importing it using the as keyword.

import mymodule as mm

print(mm.greet("Charlie"))  # Output: Hello, Charlie!

5. Built-in Modules

Python comes with a set of built-in modules that provide various functionalities, such as math operations, file I/O, and datetime manipulation.

import math

print(math.sqrt(16))  # Output: 4.0

Conclusion

Modules are an essential part of Python programming, allowing you to organize and reuse code effectively. By understanding how to create, import, and use modules, you can build more modular and maintainable Python applications.