C++ Booleans

Booleans in C++ represent truth values. They can hold either true or false. Booleans are commonly used in conditional statements and logical operations to control the flow of a program.

1. Boolean Variables

You can declare boolean variables using the bool keyword:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    bool isReady = true;
    bool isFinished = false;

    std::cout << "isReady: " << isReady << std::endl;
    std::cout << "isFinished: " << isFinished << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

2. Comparison Operators

Comparison operators in C++ return a boolean value (true or false):

• ==: Equal to
• !=: Not equal to
• >: Greater than
• <: Less than
• >=: Greater than or equal to
• <=: Less than or equal to

Example:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    int x = 5, y = 3;

    std::cout << "x == y: " << (x == y) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "x != y: " << (x != y) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "x > y: " << (x > y) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "x <= y: " << (x <= y) << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

3. Logical Operators

Logical operators perform logical operations and return boolean results:

• &&: Logical AND
• ||: Logical OR
• !: Logical NOT

Example:

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    bool condition1 = true, condition2 = false;

    std::cout << "condition1 && condition2: " << (condition1 && condition2) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "condition1 || condition2: " << (condition1 || condition2) << std::endl;
    std::cout << "!condition1: " << !condition1 << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

Conclusion

Booleans are fundamental in programming and are used extensively for decision making and controlling program flow. This chapter covered boolean variables, comparison operators, and logical operators in C++, providing you with essential tools to handle boolean logic effectively in your programs.